A1,
A2,
B,
C1,
C2,
D,
E,
F,
G-H,
I-K,
L,
M,
N,
O,
P1,
P2,
Q-R,
S,
T,
U-V,
W-Z
Loniten Side Effects, and Drug Interactions - Minoxidil
Loniten Side Effects, and Drug Interactions - Minoxidil
SIDE EFFECTS
Salt and Water Retention
Temporary edema developed in 7% of patients who were not edematous at
the start of therapy. (See WARNINGS:
Concomitant Use of an Adequate Diuretic is Required)
Pericarditis, Pericardial Effusion, and Temponade
See WARNINGS.
Dermatologic
Hypertrichosis: Elongation thickening and enhanced pigmentation
of fine body hair are seen in about 80% of patients taking minoxidil tablets.
This develops within 3 to 6 weeks after starting therapy. It is usually
first noticed on the temples, between the eyebrows, between the hairline
and the eyebrows, or in the side-burn area of the upper lateral cheek,
later extending to the back, arms, legs and scalp. Upon discontinuation
of minoxidil, new hair growth stops, but 1 to 6 months may be required
for restoration to pretreatment appearance. No endocrine abnormalities
have been found to explain the abnormal hair growth; thus it is hypertrichosis
without virilism. Hair growth is especially disturbing to children and
women and such patients should be thoroughly informed about this effect
before therapy with minoxidil is begun.
Allergic: Rashes have been reported including rare reports
of bullous eruptions, and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
Hematologic
Thrombocytopenia and leukopenia (WBC<3000/mm3) have rarely
been reported.
Gastrointestinal
Nausea and/or vomiting has been reported. In clinical trials the incidence
of nausea and vomiting associated with the underlying disease has shown
a decrease from pretrial levels.
Miscellaneous
Breast Tenderness: This developed in less than 1% of patients.
Altered Laboratory Findings
ECG changes: Changes in direction and magnitude of the
ECG T-waves occur in approximately 60% of patients treated with minoxidil.
In rare instances a large negative amplitude of the T-wave may encroach
upon the S-T segment, but the S-T segment is not independently altered.
These changes usually disappear with continuance of treatment and revert
to the pretreatment state if minoxidil is discontinued. No symptoms have
been associated with these changes, nor have there been alterations in
blood cell counts or in plasma enzyme concentrations that would suggest
myocardial damage. Long-term treatment of patients manifesting such changes
has provided no evidence of deteriorating cardiac function. At present
the changes appear to be nonspecific and without idendifiable clinical
significance.
Effects of Hemodilution: Hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte
count usually fall about 7% initially and then recover to pretreatment
levels.
Other: Alkaline phosphatese increased varyingly without
other evidence of liver or bone abnormality. Serum creatinine increased
an average of 6% and BUN slightly more, but later declined to pretreatment
levels.
DRUG INTERACTIONS
See WARNINGS: Interaction with Guanethidine.
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