Amyl Nitrite Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism - Amyl Nitrite

Amyl Nitrite Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism - Amyl Nitrite

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Amyl nitrite causes a non specific relaxation of smooth muscle with the most prominent actions occurring in vascular smooth muscle. This effect on vascular smooth muscle results in coronary vasodilation and decreased systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular preload and afterload. Myocardial ischemia is relieved in patients with angina pectoris, with an abatement of chest pain and possibly other related symptoms. Amyl nitrite vapors are absorbed rapidly through the pulmonary alveoli, manifesting therapeutic effects within one minute after inhalation. The drug is metabolized rapidly, probably by hydrolytic denitration; approximately one-third of the inhaled amyl nitrite is excreted in the urine.