A1,
A2,
B,
C1,
C2,
D,
E,
F,
G-H,
I-K,
L,
M,
N,
O,
P1,
P2,
Q-R,
S,
T,
U-V,
W-Z
Rifadin Overdose, Contraindications and Information - Rifampin
Rifadin Overdose, Contraindications and Information - Rifampin
OVERDOSE
Signs and Symptoms
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, pruritus, headache, and increasing lethargy
will probably occur within a short time after ingestion; unconsciousness may
occur when there is severe hepatic disease. Transient increases in liver enzymes
and/or bilirubin may occur. Brownish-red or orange discoloration of the skin,
urine, sweat, saliva, tears, and feces will occur, and its intensity is proportional
to the amount ingested.
Facial or periorbital edema has also been reported in pediatric patients. Hypotension,
sinus tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, seizures and cardiac arrest were
reported in some fatal cases.
Acute Toxicity
The LD 50 of rifampin is approximately 885 mg/kg in the mouse, 1720
mg/kg in the rat, and 2120 mg/kg in the rabbit.
The minimum acute lethal or toxic dose is not well established. However, nonfatal
acute overdoses in adults have been reported with doses ranging from 9 to 12
gm rifampin. Fatal acute overdoses in adults have been reported with doses ranging
from 14 to 60 gm. Alcohol or a history of alcohol abuse was involved in some
of the fatal and nonfatal reports. Nonfatal overdoses in pediatric patients
ages 1 to 4 years old of 100 mg/kg for one to two doses has been reported.
Treatment
Intensive support measures should be instituted and individual symptoms treated
as they arise. Since nausea and vomiting are likely to be present, gastric lavage
is probably preferable to induction of emesis. Following evacuation of the gastric
contents, the instillation of activated charcoal slurry into the stomach may
help absorb any remaining drug from the gastrointestinal tract. Antiemetic medication
may be required to control severe nausea and vomiting. Active diuresis (with
measured intake and output) will help promote excretion of the drug. Hemodialysis
may be of value in some patients.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Rifampin is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity
to any of the rifamycins. (See WARNINGS .)
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