A1,
A2,
B,
C1,
C2,
D,
E,
F,
G-H,
I-K,
L,
M,
N,
O,
P1,
P2,
Q-R,
S,
T,
U-V,
W-Z
Cleocin Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Clindamycin
Cleocin Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients - Clindamycin
DESCRIPTION
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WARNING
Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with nearly all antibacterial
agents, including clindamycin, and may range in severity from mild to
life-threatening. Therefore, it is important to consider this diagnosis
in patients who present with diarrhea subsequent to the administration
of antibacterial agents.
Because clindamycin therapy has been associated with severe colitis which
may end fatally, it should be reserved for serious infections where less
toxic antimicrobial agents are inappropriate, as described in the INDICATIONS
AND USAGE section. It should not be used in patients with nonbacterial
infections such as most upper respiratory tract infections. Treatment
with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon and may
permit overgrowth of clostridia. Studies indicate that a toxin produced
by Clostridium difficile is one primary cause of "antibiotic-associated
colitis".
After the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis has been established,
therapeutic measures should be initiated. Mild cases of pseudomembranous
colitis usually respond to drug discontinuation alone. In moderate to
severe cases, consideration should be given to management with fluids
and electrolytes, protein supplementation, and treatment with an antibacterial
drug clinically effective against C. difficile colitis.
Diarrhea, colitis, and pseudomembranous colitis have been observed to
begin up to several weeks following cessation of therapy with clindamycin.
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CLEOCIN PHOSPHATE Sterile Solution in vials contains clindamycin phosphate,
a water soluble ester of clindamycin and phosphoric acid. Each mL contains the
equivalent of 150 mg clindamycin, 0.5 mg disodium edetate and 9.45 mg benzyl
alcohol added as preservative in each mL. Clindamycin is a semisynthetic antibiotic
produced by a 7(S)-chloro-substitution of the 7(R)-hydroxyl group of the parent
compound lincomycin.
The chemical name of clindamycin phosphate is L- threo -(alpha)-D- galacto
-Octopyranoside, methyl 7-chloro-6,7,8-trideoxy-6-[[(1-methyl-4-propyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)
carbonyl] amino]-1-thio-, 2-(dihydrogen phosphate), (2 S-trans )-.
The molecular formula is C 18 H 34 CIN 2 0
8 PS and the molecular weight is 504.96.
The structural formula is represented below:
CLEOCIN PHOSPHATE in the ADD-Vantage Vial is intended for intravenous use
only after further dilution with appropriate volume of ADD-Vantage diluent base
solution.
CLEOCIN PHOSPHATE IV Solution in the Galaxy® plastic container for intravenous
use is composed of clindamycin phosphate equivalent to 300, 600 and 900 mg of
clindamycin premixed with 5% dextrose as a sterile solution. Disodium edetate
has been added at a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL. The pH has been adjusted with
sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid.
The plastic container is fabricated from a specially designed multilayer plastic,
PL 2501. Solutions in contact with the plastic container can leach out certain
of its chemical components in very small amounts within the expiration period.
The suitability of the plastic has been confirmed in tests in animals according
to the USP biological tests for plastic containers, as well as by tissue culture
toxicity studies.
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