A1,
A2,
B,
C1,
C2,
D,
E,
F,
G-H,
I-K,
L,
M,
N,
O,
P1,
P2,
Q-R,
S,
T,
U-V,
W-Z
Orimune Warnings, Precautions, Pregnancy, Nursing, Abuse - Oral Poliovirus Vaccine
Orimune Warnings, Precautions, Pregnancy, Nursing, Abuse - Oral Poliovirus Vaccine
WARNINGS
No information provided.
PRECAUTIONS
OPV may not be as immunogenic
in elderly patients or in patients suffering from immunosuppression
(congenital, acquired, or iatrogenic). Furthermore, virus particle
production can be
potentiated in immunosuppressed patients, so OPV
use is not recommended in these individuals. Patients with HIV
infection may receive IPV or enhanced-potency IPV; however, OPV
should be avoided.
Patients with evidence
of viral infection
(diarrhea, vomiting) should not be given OPV
because other enteroviruses within the intestinal
tract can inhibit immunity
by preventing OPV replication.
Similarly, OPV inoculation
should be postponed in patients with fever
or a severe respiratory
infection, although minor
illness does not preclude
OPV administration.
Intramuscular injections, especially antibiotics, should be avoided
for at least 30 days in patients who have received the poliovirus
vaccine live oral (OPV)
or for 60 days in patients who acquired
the disease by contact
with vaccine recipients.
Intramuscular injections were associated with an increased risk
of developing paralytic
poliomyelitis
in patients receiving IM injections 30 days prior to the onset of
paralysis.
OPV is classified as pregnancy
category C. Studies in humans have not been conducted. Problems
in humans have not been reported, but routine administration of
OPV during pregnancy
is not recommended unless the benefits from vaccination
outweigh the potential
risks to the fetus. Poliovirus antibodies may be excreted into breast
milk, and breast-feeding is not recommended for 2-3 hours before
or after inoculation
in neonates immunized at birth.
Use of OPV is not recommended
in neonates less than 6 weeks of age.
Poliomyelitis has occurred after OPV
administration
both in vaccinees and in their close contacts. Poliovirus may be
shed in the feces (and
possibly from the pharynx) of vaccinees for 6-8 weeks after OPV
administration. Contact individuals should be warned of the small
risk of developing poliomyelitis
and informed to wash hands
carefully when exposed to feces
or saliva of recently
inoculated vaccinees.
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