A1,
A2,
B,
C1,
C2,
D,
E,
F,
G-H,
I-K,
L,
M,
N,
O,
P1,
P2,
Q-R,
S,
T,
U-V,
W-Z
Zovirax Side Effects, and Drug Interactions - Acyclovir (Injectable)
Zovirax Side Effects, and Drug Interactions - Acyclovir (Injectable)
SIDE EFFECTS
The adverse reactions listed below have been observed in controlled and
uncontrolled clinical trials
in approximately 700 patients who received acyclovir at 300 patients who
received daily.
The most frequent adverse reactions reported during acyclovir
administration were inflammation
or phlebitis at the injection
site in approximately 9% of the
patients, and transient
elevations of serum creatinine
of BUN in 5% to 10% (the higher
incidence occurred usually
following rapid (less than 10 minutes) intravenous
infusion). Nausea and/or vomiting
occurred in approximately 7% of the patients (the majority occurring in
nonhospitalized patients who received 10 mg/kg). Itching, rash
or hives occurred in approximately
2% of patients. Elevation of transaminases occurred in 1-2% of patients.
Approximately 1% of patients receiving intravenous
acyclovir have manifested
encephalopathic changes characterized by either lethargy, obtundation,
tremors, confusion, hallucinations,
agitation, seizures or coma
see PRECAUTIONS.
Adverse reactions which occurred at a frequency
of less than 1% and which were probably or possibly related to intravenous
acyclovir administration
were: anemia, anuria,
hematuria, hypotension,
edema, anorexia,
lightheadedness, thirst, headache,
diaphoresis, fever,
neutropenia, thrombocytopenia,
abnormal urinalysis (characterized by an increase in formed elements in
urine sediment) and pain
on urination.
Other reactions have been reported with a frequency
of less than 1% in patients receiving acyclovir, but a causal relationship
between acyclovir and the reaction
could not be determined. These include pulmonary
edema with cardiac tamponade,
abdominal pain,
chest pain,
thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, ischemia
of digits, hypokalemia,
purpura fulminans, pressure
on urination, hemoglobinemia
and rigors.
Observed During Clinical Practice
Based on clinical practice
experience in patients treated with acyclovir
sterile powder
in the U.S., spontaneously reported adverse events are uncommon. Data
are insufficient to support
an estimate of their incidence
or to establish causation. These events may also occur as proof of underlaying
disease process. Voluntary
reports of adverse events which have been received since market introduction
include:
General: fever, pain,
and rarely, anaphylaxis
Digestive: elevated liver
function tests, nausea
Hemic and Lymphatic: leukopenia
Nervous: agitation,
coma, confusion,
convulsions, hallucinations, obtundation, psychosis
Skin: rash
Urogenital: elevated blood
urea nitrogen, elevated creatinine,
renal failure
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Co-administration of probenecid
with acyclovir has been
shown to increase the mean half-life
and the area under the concentration-time
curve. Urinary excretion
and renal clearance were
correspondingly reduced.36 The clinical effects of this combination
have not been studied.
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